Modernism in Architecture

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Around the beginning of the 20th century, a general dissatisfaction with the emphasis on revivalist architecture and elaborate decoration gave rise to many new lines of thought that served as precursors to Modern Architecture.

Notable among these is the Deutscher Werkbund, formed in 1907 to produce better quality machine made objects. The rise of the profession of industrial design is usually placed here. Following this lead, the Bauhaus school, founded in Weimar, Germany in 1919, redefined the architectural bounds prior set throughout history, viewing the creation of a building as the ultimate synthesis—the apex—of art, craft, and technology.

When modern architecture was first practiced, it was an avant-garde movement with moral, philosophical, and aesthetic underpinnings. Immediately after World War I, pioneering modernist architects sought to develop a completely new style appropriate for a new post-war social and economic order, focused on meeting the needs of the middle and working classes.

They rejected the architectural practice of the academic refinement of historical styles which served the rapidly declining aristocratic order. The approach of the Modernist architects was to reduce buildings to pure forms, removing historical references and ornament in favor of functionalist details. Buildings displayed their functional and structural elements, exposing steel beams and concrete surfaces instead of hiding them behind decorative forms. Architects such as Frank Lloyd Wright developed organic architecture, in which the form was defined by its environment and purpose, with an aim to promote harmony between human habitation and the natural world with prime examples being Robie House and Fallingwater.

Architects such as Mies van der Rohe, Philip Johnson and Marcel Breuer worked to create beauty based on the inherent qualities of building materials and modern construction techniques, trading traditional historic forms for simplified geometric forms, celebrating the new means and methods made possible by the Industrial Revolution, including steel-frame construction, which gave birth to high-rise superstructures. By mid-century, Modernism had morphed into the International Style, an aesthetic epitomized in many ways by the Twin Towers of New York’s World Trade Center designed by Minoru Yamasaki.

3,034 thoughts on “Modernism in Architecture”

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  388. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  389. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  390. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  391. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  392. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  393. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  394. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  395. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  396. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

  398. Benzersiz bir şekilde bakımlı olarak çok özel bir şehvet hissi sunacak mükemmel bir stille seksiyim. Özel, çok özel ve harika deneyimler sunan mükemmel bayanlardan biriyim. 21 yaşındayım, 172 cm boyunda, 63 kg, size eşsiz bir memnuniyet verecek, tam bir zevk duygusu için benimle takılacağınızı söyleyebilirim. escort Ben seçkin eskortlardan biriyim, çok özel ve harika görünümlü kadın, her yönünü tatmin etmek için özgürce takıldığımı fark edecek saatlerimi benimle deneyimlemek eşsiz olacak.

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